{"id":680,"date":"2022-12-29T12:09:19","date_gmt":"2022-12-29T09:09:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legendhomework.com\/tr\/?p=680"},"modified":"2022-12-29T12:09:19","modified_gmt":"2022-12-29T09:09:19","slug":"pompa-turleri-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-deniz-muhendisligi-odevleri-yaptirma-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-tez-yaptirma-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-odev-ucretleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legendhomework.com\/tr\/pompa-turleri-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-deniz-muhendisligi-odevleri-yaptirma-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-tez-yaptirma-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-odev-ucretleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Pompa T\u00fcrleri \u2013 Deniz M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u2013 Deniz M\u00fchendisli\u011fi \u00d6devleri Yapt\u0131rma \u2013 Deniz M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Tez Yapt\u0131rma\u2013 Deniz M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00d6dev \u00dccretleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pompa T\u00fcrleri<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Denizde kullan\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 ana pompa s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 vard\u0131r: deplasmanl\u0131, eksenel ak\u0131\u015fl\u0131 ve santrif\u00fcjl\u00fc. Belirli sistem \u00f6zelliklerini kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in deplasmanl\u0131 ve santrif\u00fcj pompalar i\u00e7in bir dizi farkl\u0131 d\u00fczenleme m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme pompalama eylemi, s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n (veya gaz\u0131n) fiziksel olarak hareket etmesine neden olan bir bo\u015flu\u011fun hacminin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 veya artmas\u0131yla elde edilir. Kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntem, ileri geri hareket kullanan bir silindir i\u00e7indeki bir piston veya kanatlar, di\u015fliler veya vidalar kullanan d\u00f6nen bir birimdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma prensibini g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in pistonlu deplasmanl\u0131 bir pompa \u015fematik olarak g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. Pompa<\/span>\u00a0\u00e7ift etkili, yani s\u0131v\u0131, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcml\u00fc olarak i\u00e7eri \u00e7ekildi\u011fi ve bo\u015falt\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 pistonun her iki taraf\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Piston yukar\u0131 do\u011fru hareket ederken, pistonun alt\u0131nda emme ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir ve s\u0131v\u0131 i\u00e7eri \u00e7ekilir, valf d\u00fczenlemesi, tahliye valfinin emme strokunda a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Pistonun \u00fcst\u00fcnde s\u0131v\u0131 bo\u015falt\u0131l\u0131r ve emme valfi kapal\u0131 kal\u0131r. Piston a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 do\u011fru hareket ederken, emme ve bo\u015faltma i\u015flemleri art\u0131k z\u0131t taraflarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tahliye s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki bas\u0131n\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fikliklerini s\u00f6n\u00fcmlemek i\u00e7in tahliye borusuna genellikle bir hava kab\u0131 tak\u0131l\u0131r. Tahliye bas\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fckseldik\u00e7e kaptaki hava s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fck\u00e7e hava geni\u015fler.<\/span><\/p>\n

Doruk bas\u0131n\u00e7 enerjisi b\u00f6ylece havada ‘depolan\u0131r’ ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde sisteme geri d\u00f6ner. Havas\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f besleme suyuna hava girmesine neden olabilece\u011finden, pistonlu kazan besleme pompalar\u0131na hava damarlar\u0131 tak\u0131lmaz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pompan\u0131n basma hatt\u0131nda kapal\u0131 bir vana ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda pompay\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in pompa emme ve basma odalar\u0131 aras\u0131na her zaman bir tahliye vanas\u0131 tak\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pistonlu deplasmanl\u0131 pompalar kendinden emi\u015flidir, y\u00fcksek emme kald\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 kabul eder, sistemin gerektirdi\u011fi bo\u015faltma bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcretir ve b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda buhar veya s\u00fcr\u00fcklenen gazlar\u0131 i\u015fleyebilir. Bununla birlikte, dikkat ve bak\u0131m gerektiren bir dizi hareketli par\u00e7a ile yap\u0131mlar\u0131 karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pompa \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rken emme ve basma vanalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Basma hatt\u0131ndaki hi\u00e7bir vanan\u0131n kapal\u0131 olmamas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir, aksi takdirde tahliye vanas\u0131 kalkar veya pompa \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda pompa zarar g\u00f6rebilir. Pompa kendinden emi\u015flidir, ancak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse a\u015f\u0131nmay\u0131 veya tutukluk riskini azaltmak i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmadan \u00f6nce s\u0131v\u0131 ile doldurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Elektrikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir pompan\u0131n yaln\u0131zca, s\u0131v\u0131 pompaya \u00e7ekilene kadar k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre d\u00fczensiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131 zaman \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Buharla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir pompa, buhar kademeli olarak kabul edilmeden \u00f6nce ola\u011fan bo\u015faltma ve \u0131s\u0131tma prosed\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc gerektirecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pompadaki hareketli par\u00e7alar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funun elden ge\u00e7irme s\u0131ras\u0131nda incelenmesi gerekecektir. Pompa pistonu, segmanlar\u0131 ve silindir g\u00f6mle\u011fi de iyice kontrol edilmelidir. Zamanla piston segman\u0131 hareketinin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar olu\u015facakt\u0131r ve bunlar giderilmelidir. Emme ve basma valfleri gerekti\u011fi gibi yeniden kaplanmal\u0131 veya topraklanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Pompa \u00e7e\u015fitleri ve \u00f6zellikleri<\/span>
\nSantrif\u00fcj pompa<\/a> \u00e7e\u015fitleri<\/span>
\nSantrif\u00fcj Pompa<\/span>
\nPompa \u00e7e\u015fitleri ve \u00f6zellikleri PDF<\/span>
\nSu pompa \u00e7e\u015fitleri<\/span>
\nGemi pompa \u00e7e\u015fitleri<\/span>
\nHacimsel pompalar<\/span>
\nSantrif\u00fcj pompa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibi<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u0130ki farkl\u0131 d\u00f6ner deplasmanl\u0131 pompa g\u00f6sterilmektedir. Her durumda eylem, bir miktar s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n (veya havan\u0131n) bir hacim veya bo\u015flukta, bo\u015faltma veya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f taraf\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclen bir \u015fekilde tutulmas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lan\u0131r. S\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n birbirine ge\u00e7ti\u011fi i\u00e7in vida veya di\u015fli di\u015fleri aras\u0131ndan de\u011fil, g\u00f6vde ve di\u015fler aras\u0131nda hareket etti\u011fine dikkat edilmelidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba\u015flatma prosed\u00fcr\u00fc, ileri geri hareket eden deplasmanl\u0131 pompan\u0131nkine benzer. Emme ve basma hazneleri aras\u0131na yine bir tahliye vanas\u0131 tak\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr pompalarla ilgili \u00f6zel bak\u0131m sorunu, salmastran\u0131n ve salmastra d\u00fczeninin pompalanan malzemeye uygun olmas\u0131 gereken salmastrad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00f6nen kanatl\u0131 tip, pompalanan s\u0131v\u0131ya ve a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 veya a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 maddeler i\u00e7ermemesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak bir oranda a\u015f\u0131nmaya maruz kalacakt\u0131r. Vidal\u0131 pompan\u0131n zamanlamas\u0131 do\u011fru olmal\u0131 ve inceleme i\u00e7in s\u00f6k\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fse vidalar\u0131 do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde monte etmeye \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilmelidir.<\/span>\u00a0D\u00f6ner deplasmanl\u0131 pompan\u0131n \u00f6zel bir tipinin direksiyon di\u015flisinde \u00f6zel bir uygulamas\u0131 vard\u0131r ve tarif edilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Eksenel Ak\u0131\u015f Pompas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Eksenel ak\u0131\u015fl\u0131 bir pompa, s\u0131v\u0131y\u0131 eksenel olarak h\u0131zland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bir vidal\u0131 pervane kullan\u0131r. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f ge\u00e7itleri ve k\u0131lavuz kanatlar, s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131z art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bir bas\u0131nca d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tersinir bir eksenel ak\u0131\u015f pompas\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmektedir. Pompa g\u00f6vdesi, pervaneye eri\u015fim sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in yatay veya dikey olarak b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Mekanik salmastra, \u015faft\u0131n kasadan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 \u00f6nler. Tahrik miline devirme pedi tipinde bir bask\u0131 yata\u011f\u0131 tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ana hareket ettirici bir elektrik motoru veya bir buhar t\u00fcrbini olabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Eksenel ak\u0131\u015f pompas\u0131, \u00f6rne\u011fin kondenser sirk\u00fclasyonunda, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131n\u00e7ta b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda suyun gerekli oldu\u011fu durumlarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Verimlilik, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kald\u0131rmal\u0131 bir santrif\u00fcj pompaya e\u015fde\u011ferdir ve m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan daha y\u00fcksek h\u0131zlar, daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir tahrik motorunun kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Eksenel ak\u0131\u015fl\u0131 pompa, r\u00f6lantideyken ak\u0131\u015fa \u00e7ok az diren\u00e7 g\u00f6sterece\u011finden, kondenser kep\u00e7e sirk\u00fclasyon sisteminde ek kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in de uygundur. Kep\u00e7e sirk\u00fclasyonu ile geminin normal hareketi suyu \u00e7ekecektir; pompa yaln\u0131zca gemi yava\u015f hareket ederken veya dururken kullan\u0131mda olacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Santrif\u00fcj Pompas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Bir santrif\u00fcj pompada, s\u0131v\u0131 \u00e7ark\u0131n merkezine veya g\u00f6z\u00fcne girer ve kanatlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndan radyal olarak d\u0131\u015far\u0131 akar, \u00e7ark\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyle h\u0131z\u0131 artar. Daha sonra s\u0131v\u0131daki kinetik enerjinin \u00e7o\u011funu bas\u0131nca d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in bir dif\u00fcz\u00f6r veya salyangoz kullan\u0131l\u0131r. D\u00fczenleme \u015fematik olarak g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Genel denizcilik g\u00f6revleri i\u00e7in dikey, tek kademeli, tek giri\u015fli, santrif\u00fcjl\u00fc bir pompa g\u00f6sterilmektedir. Ana \u00e7er\u00e7eve ve mahfaza, bir motor destek braketi ile birlikte pompalama eleman\u0131 d\u00fczene\u011fini bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r. Pompalama eleman\u0131, bir \u00fcst kapak, bir pompa mili, bir pervane, bir yatak burcu ve milin etraf\u0131ndaki bir s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131k d\u00fczene\u011finden olu\u015fur.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131k d\u00fczenlemesi, dolgulu salmastra veya mekanik salmastra olabilir ve yatak ya\u011flama sistemi, salmastra tipine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. De\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir a\u015f\u0131nma halkalar\u0131 \u00e7arka ve g\u00f6vdeye tak\u0131l\u0131r. Motor destek dirse\u011fi, pompalama eleman\u0131na eri\u015fim sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in iki b\u00fcy\u00fck a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa sahiptir ve pompalama eleman\u0131n\u0131n motoru bozmadan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in motor ile pompa mili aras\u0131na bir kaplin ara par\u00e7as\u0131 tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Santrif\u00fcj pompalar\u0131n di\u011fer konfig\u00fcrasyonlar\u0131, belirli g\u00f6revler i\u00e7in veya sistem gereksinimlerini kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Dikey bir tek kademeli \u00e7ift giri\u015fli santrif\u00fcj pompa g\u00f6sterilmektedir. Gelen s\u0131v\u0131 \u00e7ift \u00e7arka \u00fcstten ve alttan girerek tahliye i\u00e7in salyangoz g\u00f6vdeye ge\u00e7er.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7ift giri\u015fli bir pompa, zay\u0131f emi\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131nda avantajlar sa\u011flayacak olan daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir NPSH gerekli \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahiptir. Temel bir pompalama eleman\u0131na farkl\u0131 pervane boyutlar\u0131n\u0131n tak\u0131labilece\u011fine dikkat edilmelidir. Bu, ayn\u0131 temel pompa \u00e7er\u00e7evesi i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli basma y\u00fcksekli\u011fi \u00f6zelliklerinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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