{"id":672,"date":"2022-12-23T15:36:44","date_gmt":"2022-12-23T12:36:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legendhomework.com\/tr\/?p=672"},"modified":"2022-12-23T15:36:44","modified_gmt":"2022-12-23T12:36:44","slug":"emniyet-valfleri-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-deniz-muhendisligi-odevleri-yaptirma-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-tez-yaptirma-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-odev-ucretleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legendhomework.com\/tr\/emniyet-valfleri-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-deniz-muhendisligi-odevleri-yaptirma-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-tez-yaptirma-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-odev-ucretleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Emniyet Valfleri \u2013 Deniz M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u2013 Deniz M\u00fchendisli\u011fi \u00d6devleri Yapt\u0131rma \u2013 Deniz M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Tez Yapt\u0131rma\u2013 Deniz M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00d6dev \u00dccretleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Emniyet Valfleri<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Emniyet valfleri \u00e7iftler halinde, genellikle tek bir valf sand\u0131\u011f\u0131na tak\u0131l\u0131r. Her bir valf, belirli bir s\u00fcre boyunca bas\u0131n\u00e7 %10’dan fazla y\u00fckselmeden kazan\u0131n \u00fcretebilece\u011fi t\u00fcm buhar\u0131 serbest b\u0131rakabilmelidir.<\/span>\u00a0Yayl\u0131 valfler, herhangi bir e\u011fimde pozitif etkileri nedeniyle gemide her zaman tak\u0131l\u0131r. Buhar mahallinde kazan tamburu \u00fczerine konumland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u0131radan yayl\u0131 emniyet valfi g\u00f6sterilmektedir. Valf, bas\u0131nc\u0131 \u00fcstteki s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma somunu taraf\u0131ndan ayarlanan sarmal yay taraf\u0131ndan kapal\u0131 tutulur. Yay bas\u0131nc\u0131 ayarland\u0131ktan sonra bir S\u00f6rvey\u00f6r taraf\u0131ndan sabitlenir ve m\u00fch\u00fcrlenir. Buhar bu bas\u0131nc\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda valf a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r ve yay s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ka\u00e7an buhar daha sonra bir at\u0131k borusundan ge\u00e7erek huniden atmosfere \u00e7\u0131kar. \u0130lk valf a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile yay\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, yay\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak ve valfi daha fazla a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in daha fazla bas\u0131nc\u0131n gerekli olmas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu, bir dereceye kadar, valf kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde, valf a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda buhar\u0131n hareket etmesi i\u00e7in daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir alan sa\u011flayan bir dudak d\u00fczenlemesi ile kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r. Elle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan bir gev\u015fetme tertibat\u0131, valfin acil bir durumda a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. S\u0131radan yayl\u0131 emniyet valfinde yap\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitli iyile\u015ftirmeler, valfe daha y\u00fcksek bir kald\u0131rma sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f y\u00fcksek kald\u0131rma emniyet valfi, g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi alt yay ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evresinde de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir d\u00fczenlemeye sahiptir.\u00a0<\/span>Yay ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131, buhar\u0131n alt taraf\u0131nda hareket etmesi i\u00e7in piston \u015feklinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Pistonun etraf\u0131ndaki gev\u015fek bir halka, buhar i\u00e7in bir muhafaza silindiri g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u0131lavuz plakada buhar portlar\u0131 veya eri\u015fim delikleri sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Valf a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan at\u0131k buhar, pistonun alt taraf\u0131na etki ederek yaya kar\u015f\u0131 daha fazla kuvvet verir ve valfin daha fazla a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olur.<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bas\u0131n\u00e7 tahliye edildikten sonra, yay kuvveti valfi h\u0131zla kapatacakt\u0131r. Valf yataklar\u0131 genellikle valfin kapanmas\u0131n\u0131 ‘yast\u0131rmak’ i\u00e7in bir miktar buhar\u0131 tutacak \u015fekilde \u015fekillendirilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aksi takdirde vanan\u0131n \u00fczerinde birikebilecek yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015f buhar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak ve do\u011fru bas\u0131n\u00e7ta a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 durdurmak i\u00e7in emniyet vanas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f taraf\u0131na bir tahliye borusu tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yanma<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Yanma, \u0131s\u0131 enerjisini a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in yak\u0131t\u0131n havada yanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Tam ve verimli yanma i\u00e7in, f\u0131r\u0131na do\u011fru miktarlarda yak\u0131t ve hava verilmeli ve ate\u015flenmelidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tam yanma i\u00e7in yak\u0131t\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 14 kat\u0131 kadar hava gerekir. Hava ve yak\u0131t yak\u0131ndan kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r ve t\u00fcm yak\u0131t\u0131n yanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in genellikle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir fazla hava y\u00fczdesi verilir. Hava beslemesi yetersiz oldu\u011funda, yak\u0131t tamamen yanmaz ve siyah egzoz gazlar\u0131 olu\u015fur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hava besleme<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir kazan f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en hava ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 ‘taslak’ olarak bilinir. Deniz kazanlar\u0131 cebri \u00e7eki\u015f, yani havay\u0131 f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7iren fanlar i\u00e7in d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. \u00c7e\u015fitli zorunlu taslak d\u00fczenlemeleri m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ola\u011fan cebri \u00e7eki\u015f d\u00fczenlemesi, havay\u0131 kanallar boyunca f\u0131r\u0131n cephesine besleyen b\u00fcy\u00fck bir fand\u0131r. F\u0131r\u0131n cephesi, hava beslemesini kontrol edebilen, ‘hava kayd\u0131’ olarak bilinen kapal\u0131 bir kutu d\u00fczenlemesine sahiptir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hava kanal\u0131 normalde bir miktar hava \u0131s\u0131tmas\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilece\u011fi kazan egzozundan ge\u00e7er. \u0130nd\u00fcklenmi\u015f \u00e7eki\u015f d\u00fczenlemesi, havay\u0131 f\u0131r\u0131n i\u00e7inden \u00e7eken egzoz al\u0131m\u0131nda bir fana sahiptir. Dengeli \u00e7eki\u015f d\u00fczenlemesi, f\u0131r\u0131nda atmosferik bas\u0131n\u00e7la sonu\u00e7lanan zorlamal\u0131 \u00e7eki\u015f ve ind\u00fcklenen \u00e7eki\u015f fanlar\u0131n\u0131 e\u015fle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Emniyet valfi sembol\u00fc<\/span>
\nEmniyet<\/a> valfi Nedir<\/span>
\nEmniyet valfi \u00e7e\u015fitleri<\/span>
\nemniyet ventili 1\/2<\/span>
\nBas\u0131n\u00e7 emniyet valfi sembol\u00fc<\/span>
\nEmniyet Valfi Fiyatlar\u0131<\/span>
\nHidrolik emniyet valfi nedir<\/span>
\nHidrolik Emniyet Valfi<\/span><\/p>\n

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Yak\u0131t Tedari\u011fi<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Deniz kazanlar\u0131 \u015fu anda art\u0131k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck dereceli yak\u0131tlar\u0131 yakmaktad\u0131r. Bu yak\u0131t, bir transfer pompas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u00f6keltme tanklar\u0131na \u00e7ekildi\u011fi \u00e7ift tabanl\u0131 tanklarda depolan\u0131r. Burada yak\u0131ttaki su \u00e7\u00f6kelebilir ve bo\u015falt\u0131labilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00f6keltme tank\u0131ndan gelen ya\u011f filtrelenir ve bir \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131ya pompalan\u0131r ve ard\u0131ndan ince bir filtreden ge\u00e7irilir. Ya\u011f\u0131n \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 viskozitesini azalt\u0131r ve pompalanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve filtrelenmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bu \u0131s\u0131tma dikkatli bir \u015fekilde kontrol edilmelidir, aksi takdirde yak\u0131tta ‘\u00e7atlama’ veya par\u00e7alanma meydana gelebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kazan\u0131n ilk ate\u015flemesi veya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7te \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in br\u00fcl\u00f6rlere bir dizel yak\u0131t tedariki mevcut olabilir. Ya\u011f, ince filtreden br\u00fcl\u00f6re ge\u00e7er ve burada ‘atomize’ olur, yani f\u0131r\u0131na girerken k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck damlac\u0131klara ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Ya\u011f\u0131n ilk \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in bir sirk\u00fclasyon hatt\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 yak\u0131t, atomize bir sprey olarak b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir br\u00fcl\u00f6re beslenir. Br\u00fcl\u00f6r ayr\u0131ca bir girdap plakas\u0131 kullanarak yak\u0131t damlac\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcr. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u011f damlac\u0131klar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan d\u00f6nen bir koni b\u00f6ylece br\u00fcl\u00f6r\u00fc terk eder ve f\u0131r\u0131na ge\u00e7er. \u00c7e\u015fitli br\u00fcl\u00f6r tasar\u0131mlar\u0131 mevcuttur, az \u00f6nce tan\u0131mlanan “bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 jet br\u00fcl\u00f6r\u00fc” olarak bilinir.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00f6ner ocak br\u00fcl\u00f6r\u00fc, yak\u0131t\u0131 d\u00f6nen konik bir kab\u0131n kenar\u0131ndan f\u0131rlatarak atomize eder ve d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcr. G\u00f6sterilen ‘buhar p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtmeli jet br\u00fcl\u00f6r\u00fc’, yak\u0131t\u0131 y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 bir buhar jetine p\u00fcsk\u00fcrterek atomize eder ve d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Buhar, br\u00fcl\u00f6rdeki merkezi bir i\u00e7 varilden beslenir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hava sicili, her br\u00fcl\u00f6r\u00fc \u00e7evreleyen ve kazan muhafazalar\u0131 aras\u0131na tak\u0131lan kanat\u00e7\u0131klar, kanat\u00e7\u0131klar vb. toplulu\u011fudur. Kay\u0131t, r\u00fczgar kutusundan havan\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir giri\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc sa\u011flar. Hava kapatma, s\u00fcrg\u00fcl\u00fc bir man\u015fon veya \u00e7ek ile sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hava br\u00fcl\u00f6re paralel olarak akar ve bir girdap ona d\u00f6nme hareketi sa\u011flar. Hava, yeterli kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in yak\u0131t\u0131n tersi y\u00f6nde d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131, higb-0i\u00bbtput deniz tipi su borulu kazanlar \u00e7at\u0131dan ate\u015flenir. Bu, f\u0131r\u0131n boyunca uzun bir alev yolu ve e\u015fit \u0131s\u0131 transferi sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/p>\n

F\u0131r\u0131na giren yak\u0131t\u0131n yanabilmesi i\u00e7in ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta ate\u015flenmesi gerekir.<\/span>\u00a0Ate\u015flendikten sonra, daha hafif olan yak\u0131t elementleri \u00f6nce birincil alev olarak yanar ve ikincil alevde daha a\u011f\u0131r elementleri yakmak i\u00e7in \u0131s\u0131 sa\u011flar. Birincil ve ikincil hava kaynaklar\u0131 ilgili alevleri besler.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir kazan f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131ndaki yakma i\u015flemi, f\u0131r\u0131na giren ya\u011f ve havan\u0131n tedarik oran\u0131, yanmadan \u00e7\u0131kan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinkine e\u015fit oldu\u011fundan, genellikle ‘ask\u0131da alev’ olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kazan besleme<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck buhar \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131na sahip modern y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131, y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k kazanlar\u0131 \u00e7ok saf besleme suyu gerektirir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7o\u011fu ‘saf’ su, kaynad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6zeltiden \u00e7\u0131kan baz\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f tuzlar i\u00e7erecektir. Bu tuzlar daha sonra \u0131s\u0131tma y\u00fczeylerine bir kire\u00e7 olarak yap\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve \u0131s\u0131 transferini azalt\u0131r, bu da yerel olarak a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nmaya ve t\u00fcplerin ar\u0131zalanmas\u0131na neden olabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Di\u011fer tuzlar \u00e7\u00f6zelti halinde kal\u0131r ve kazan\u0131n metaline zarar verecek asitler \u00fcretebilir. Bir kazandaki a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 alkali tuzlar, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gerilmelerinin etkileriyle birlikte ‘kostik \u00e7atlama’ olarak bilinen bir duruma yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131r. Bu, ciddi ar\u0131zalara yol a\u00e7abilecek metalin ger\u00e7ek \u00e7atlamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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