{"id":646,"date":"2022-12-13T21:30:11","date_gmt":"2022-12-13T18:30:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legendhomework.com\/tr\/?p=646"},"modified":"2022-12-13T21:30:11","modified_gmt":"2022-12-13T18:30:11","slug":"gemide-hava-sistemleri-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-deniz-muhendisligi-odevleri-yaptirma-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-tez-yaptirma-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-odev","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legendhomework.com\/tr\/gemide-hava-sistemleri-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-deniz-muhendisligi-odevleri-yaptirma-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-tez-yaptirma-deniz-muhendisligi-bolumu-odev\/","title":{"rendered":"Gemide Hava Sistemleri \u2013 Deniz M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u2013 Deniz M\u00fchendisli\u011fi \u00d6devleri Yapt\u0131rma \u2013 Deniz M\u00fchendisli\u011fi\u00a0B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Tez Yapt\u0131rma\u2013 Deniz M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00d6dev \u00dccretleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gemide Hava Sistemleri<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Dizel motorlar, gerekli y\u00f6n i\u00e7in uygun s\u0131rayla silindirlere bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava verilerek \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bir bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava kayna\u011f\u0131, hemen kullan\u0131ma haz\u0131r hava rezervuarlar\u0131nda veya ‘\u015fi\u015felerde’ saklan\u0131r. Depolanan bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava miktar\u0131 ile 12 adede kadar \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma havas\u0131 sisteminde, her \u015fey yolunda de\u011filse \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in genellikle kilitler bulunur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir mar\u015f havas\u0131 sistemi g\u00f6sterilmektedir. Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava, hava depolar\u0131na hava kompres\u00f6rleri taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flan\u0131r. Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava daha sonra b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 bir boru ile uzaktan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fs\u00fcz veya otomatik valfe ve ard\u0131ndan silindir hava \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma valfine beslenir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Silindir hava ba\u015flatma valfinin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, silindire bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava girmesini sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. Silindir valfinin ve uzaktan \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma valfinin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 bir pilot hava sistemi taraf\u0131ndan kontrol edilir. Pilot hava b\u00fcy\u00fck borudan \u00e7ekilir ve motor hava \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma kolu taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan bir pilot hava kontrol valfine ge\u00e7er.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hava \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma kolu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, pilot hava beslemesi uzak valfin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Uygun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00f6n\u00fc i\u00e7in pilot hava da bir hava da\u011f\u0131t\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na verilir. Bu cihaz genellikle motor eksantrik mili taraf\u0131ndan tahrik edilir ve silindir hava \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma valflerinin kontrol silindirlerine pilot hava sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pilot hava daha sonra gereken \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00f6n\u00fc i\u00e7in uygun s\u0131rayla sa\u011flan\u0131r. Silindir hava \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma valfleri kullan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yaylarla kapal\u0131 tutulur ve al\u0131c\u0131lardan gelen bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 havan\u0131n do\u011frudan motor silindirine girmesini sa\u011flayan pilot hava ile a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uzaktan \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan valf hatt\u0131nda, motor d\u00f6nd\u00fcrme di\u015flisi devreye girdi\u011finde valfin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 durduran bir kilit g\u00f6sterilmektedir. Uzaktan \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma valfi, motor taraf\u0131ndan daha fazla s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan havan\u0131n sisteme geri d\u00f6nmesini engeller.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kompres\u00f6rden gelen ya\u011flama ya\u011f\u0131, normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda hava hatlar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ecek ve \u00fczerlerinde birikecektir. Bir silindir hava \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma valfinde s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 olmas\u0131 durumunda, s\u0131cak gazlar hava borular\u0131na ge\u00e7erek ya\u011flama ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tutu\u015fturabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Motora \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma havas\u0131 verilirse bu, yang\u0131n\u0131 daha da besler ve boru hatlar\u0131nda patlamaya neden olabilir. B\u00f6yle bir durumu \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in, silindir \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma valflerinin bak\u0131m\u0131 uygun \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmal\u0131 ve boru hatlar\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak bo\u015falt\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca kompres\u00f6rlerden tahliye edilen ya\u011f, dikkatli bak\u0131m yap\u0131larak minimumda tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir patlaman\u0131n etkilerini azaltmak amac\u0131yla, boru hatlar\u0131na alev kapanlar\u0131, emniyet valfleri ve patlama kapaklar\u0131 veya diskleri tak\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca sisteme bir izolasyon \u00e7ek valf (otomatik valf) tak\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir hava kompres\u00f6r\u00fcnden so\u011futma suyu kayb\u0131, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir hava tahliyesine ve muhtemelen hava rezervuar\u0131na giden boru hatlar\u0131nda bir patlamaya yol a\u00e7abilir. Bu olas\u0131l\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 korunmak i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k alarm\u0131 veya eriyen eriyebilir bir tapa kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kontrol ve G\u00fcvenlik Cihazlar\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Herhangi bir motordaki ana kontrol cihaz\u0131 validir. G\u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 talebi kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in de\u011fi\u015firken motor devrini sabit bir de\u011ferde y\u00f6netir veya kontrol eder.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu, ayarlanan h\u0131zda istenen y\u00fck\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in motor yak\u0131t pompas\u0131 ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 otomatik olarak ayarlayan vali taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Dizel motorlar i\u00e7in d\u00fczenleyiciler genellikle iki sistemden olu\u015fur: bir h\u0131z alg\u0131lama d\u00fczeni ve motor g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in yak\u0131t pompalar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir hidrolik \u00fcnite vb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Motor devrini tespit etmek i\u00e7in bir u\u00e7ucu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k d\u00fczene\u011fi kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bir di\u015fli \u00e7ark taraf\u0131ndan tahrik edilen dikey bir eksen etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nen bir plakaya veya bilya ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na iki u\u00e7ucu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k tak\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Merkezka\u00e7 kuvvetinin etkisi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131 do\u011fru f\u0131rlat\u0131r; bu, dikey mili kald\u0131r\u0131r ve bir denge durumuna ula\u015f\u0131lana kadar yay\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Denge konumu veya ayarlanan h\u0131z, yay s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren h\u0131z se\u00e7ici taraf\u0131ndan de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Motor devri artt\u0131k\u00e7a a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar d\u0131\u015far\u0131 do\u011fru hareket eder ve i\u015f milini y\u00fckseltir; h\u0131z d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc i\u015f milini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. Hidrolik \u00fcnite bu dikey mile ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r ve motor yak\u0131t kontrollerini hareket ettirmek i\u00e7in bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dikey mile ba\u011fl\u0131 bir piston valfi, u\u00e7ucu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k hareketine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yak\u0131t kontrollerini hareket ettiren g\u00fc\u00e7 pistonundan ya\u011f\u0131 besler veya bo\u015falt\u0131r. Motor devri artarsa, dikey mil y\u00fckselir, piston valfi y\u00fckselir ve g\u00fc\u00e7 pistonundan ya\u011f bo\u015falt\u0131l\u0131r, bu da bir yak\u0131t kontrol hareketi ile sonu\u00e7lan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu, motora yak\u0131t beslemesini azalt\u0131r ve yava\u015flat\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda orant\u0131l\u0131 bir kontrol\u00f6rd\u00fcr. Mekanik motor reg\u00fclat\u00f6rlerinin ger\u00e7ek d\u00fczenlemesi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterecektir ancak \u00e7o\u011fu yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Gemi havaland\u0131rma sistemleri<\/span>
\nManika<\/span>
\nBas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131<\/a> hava sistemleri PDF<\/span>
\nBas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava Sistemleri<\/span>
\nBas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava tesisat\u0131 tasar\u0131m ve uygulama kitab\u0131 pdf<\/span>
\nBas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 Hava Tesisat\u0131<\/span><\/p>\n

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Elektrik Valfi<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Elektrikli valfi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda elektrikli ve mekanik bile\u015fenlerin bir kombinasyonunu kullan\u0131r. H\u0131z alg\u0131lama cihaz\u0131, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir manyetik al\u0131c\u0131 bobindir. Do\u011frultulmu\u015f veya d.c. voltaj sinyali, bir hidrolik \u00fcniteyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in istenen veya ayarlanm\u0131\u015f bir h\u0131z sinyali ile birlikte kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu \u00fcnite daha sonra motor devrini kontrol etmek i\u00e7in yak\u0131t kontrollerini uygun y\u00f6nde hareket ettirecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Silindir Bo\u015faltma Valfi<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Silindir bo\u015faltma valfi, normalin %10 ila %20 \u00fczerindeki bas\u0131n\u00e7lar\u0131 tahliye etmek i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir yay, valfi kapal\u0131 tutar ve kald\u0131rma bas\u0131nc\u0131, uygun kal\u0131nl\u0131kta bir salmastra par\u00e7as\u0131yla ayarlan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sadece k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir miktar kald\u0131rmaya izin verilir ve ka\u00e7an gazlar g\u00fcvenli bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fa y\u00f6nlendirilir. Valf ve mil, valfin a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra do\u011fru \u015fekilde oturmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in ayr\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu cihaz\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, motorda ke\u015ffedilmesi ve d\u00fczeltilmesi gereken bir ar\u0131za oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Valfin kendisi daha sonra ilk f\u0131rsatta incelenmelidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Karter Ya\u011f Buhar\u0131 Dedekt\u00f6r\u00fc<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Karterde ya\u011f buhar\u0131 bulunmas\u0131, s\u0131cak noktan\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu ya\u011f buharla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonucudur. Ya\u011f buhar\u0131 olu\u015fumuna izin verilirse patlay\u0131c\u0131 ko\u015fullar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Ya\u011f buhar\u0131 dedekt\u00f6r\u00fc, ya\u011f buhar\u0131 yo\u011funlu\u011fundaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck art\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in fotoelektrik h\u00fccreler kullan\u0131r. Motor tahrikli bir fan, bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm t\u00fcp\u00fcnden s\u00fcrekli olarak karter ya\u011f buhar\u0131 numuneleri \u00e7eker.<\/span><\/p>\n

Herhangi bir karter numunesi, temiz hava veya di\u011fer karter b\u00f6lmelerine k\u0131yasla a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bu\u011fu i\u00e7eriyorsa, artan bir saya\u00e7 okumas\u0131 ve alarm ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Numuneyi \u00e7eken d\u00f6ner valf, \u015f\u00fcpheli karteri belirtmek i\u00e7in durur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 model, bir karter bu\u011fu \u00f6rne\u011fini di\u011ferlerine kar\u015f\u0131 ve her d\u00f6ng\u00fcde bir kez de temiz havaya kar\u015f\u0131 test eder. Seviye modeli, her karteri temiz hava ile kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir referans t\u00fcp\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 s\u0131rayla test eder. Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 modeli, \u00e7aprazkafa tipi motorlar i\u00e7in ve seviye modeli, g\u00f6vde pistonlu motorlar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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