{"id":619,"date":"2022-12-12T17:36:42","date_gmt":"2022-12-12T14:36:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legendhomework.com\/tr\/?p=619"},"modified":"2022-12-12T17:36:42","modified_gmt":"2022-12-12T14:36:42","slug":"piston-etegi-arac-muhendisligi-bolumu-arac-muhendisligi-odevleri-yaptirma-arac-muhendisligi-bolumu-tez-yaptirma-arac-muhendisligi-bolumu-odev-ucretleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legendhomework.com\/tr\/piston-etegi-arac-muhendisligi-bolumu-arac-muhendisligi-odevleri-yaptirma-arac-muhendisligi-bolumu-tez-yaptirma-arac-muhendisligi-bolumu-odev-ucretleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Piston Ete\u011fi \u2013 Ara\u00e7 M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u2013 Ara\u00e7 M\u00fchendisli\u011fi \u00d6devleri Yapt\u0131rma \u2013 Ara\u00e7 M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Tez Yapt\u0131rma\u2013 Ara\u00e7 M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00d6dev \u00dccretleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Piston Ete\u011fi<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Piston ete\u011fi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan pistonun alt k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n imalat\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekiller kullan\u0131l\u0131r;<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

. Pistona a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fcklerin y\u00fcklenebilece\u011fi hem CI hem de SI y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 motorlarda kullan\u0131lan yekpare etek;<\/span>
\n. Motor so\u011fukken piston tokat\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayr\u0131k etek;<\/span>
\n. Piston ete\u011finin bask\u0131 yapmayan taraflar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 keserek pistonun a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan pabu\u00e7 tipi; ayn\u0131 zamanda silindir duvar\u0131 ile temas halinde olan alan\u0131 azalt\u0131r ve ayr\u0131ca BDC art\u0131k krank miline daha yak\u0131n oldu\u011fundan motorun toplam y\u00fcksekli\u011finde azalma sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir piston ete\u011fi g\u00f6sterilmektedir. So\u011fukken, piston kafas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ap\u0131 ete\u011fe g\u00f6re daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr. Motor normal s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, piston kafas\u0131 \u00e7ok s\u0131cak gazlara daha yak\u0131n oldu\u011fundan ve ayr\u0131ca orada oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011finden dolay\u0131 ete\u011finden daha fazla genle\u015fir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Segmanlar<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Piston segman\u0131, piston ile silindir duvar\u0131 aras\u0131nda kalan bo\u015flu\u011fu kapat\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek dereceli santrif\u00fcjl\u00fc d\u00f6kme demirden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve halkan\u0131n piston \u00fczerine monte edilmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Baz\u0131 halkalar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f kenarlar\u0131 daha iyi a\u015f\u0131nma \u00f6zellikleri ve daha uzun \u00f6m\u00fcr sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kromla kaplanabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Normalde \u00fc\u00e7 halka tak\u0131l\u0131r. \u00dcst s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma halkas\u0131, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funu al\u0131r ve \u0131s\u0131ya ve ka\u00e7an gazlara kar\u015f\u0131 ilk savunmay\u0131 olu\u015fturur. TDC’de silindir deli\u011finde olu\u015fma e\u011filiminde olan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131racak \u015fekilde basamakland\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130kincisi ayr\u0131ca s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma kayb\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tamamlayan bir s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma halkas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc halka, ya\u011f kontrol halkas\u0131d\u0131r. Fazla ya\u011f\u0131 silindir duvar\u0131ndan al\u0131p, pistonun ya\u011f kontrol segman\u0131 yivinde a\u00e7\u0131lan deliklerden tekrar kartere ileten bu segmand\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu halka, yuvarlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f krom kapl\u0131 kenarlara sahip bir dizi \u00e7elik raydan yap\u0131labilir. Pistonun yan\u0131ndaki halka yivine tak\u0131lan k\u0131vr\u0131ml\u0131 bir yay, raylar\u0131 silindir duvar\u0131na do\u011fru geni\u015fletir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu tip genellikle pistonun karterdeki ya\u011fa \u00e7ok yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, yani k\u0131sa stroklu motorlarda veya silindir deli\u011finde bir miktar a\u015f\u0131nman\u0131n meydana geldi\u011fi ancak motorun yeniden delinmesini ve yeni pistonlar\u0131n ve halkalar\u0131n tak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 garanti edecek kadar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde tak\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba\u011flant\u0131 \u00c7ubu\u011fu<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Biyel kolu, pistonu krank miline ba\u011flar. Eylemi, pistonun do\u011frusal (d\u00fcz \u00e7izgi) hareketini krank milinin d\u00f6nme hareketine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck u\u00e7 \u00fczerinden piston pimi ile pistona ve b\u00fcy\u00fck u\u00e7 taraf\u0131ndan krank mili muylusuna ba\u011flan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bask\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 en y\u00fcksek direnci sa\u011flarken ayn\u0131 zamanda m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar hafif oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ‘H’ \u015feklinde \u00fcretilirler.<\/span><\/p>\n

Silindir blo\u011fu<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Silindir blo\u011fu pistonlar\u0131, g\u00f6mlekleri, yataklar\u0131yla birlikte krank milini ve bazen eksantrik milini i\u00e7erir. Ya\u011f\u0131 yataklara y\u00f6nlendirmek i\u00e7in ya\u011f pompas\u0131n\u0131 ve galerileri ve so\u011futma sistemi i\u00e7in su ceketini de i\u00e7erebilir. Normalde d\u00f6kme demir veya al\u00fcminyum kullan\u0131larak bir kal\u0131ba d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr ve hassas toleranslara g\u00f6re i\u015flenir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Silindir g\u00f6mlekleri<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Silindir g\u00f6mlekleri, motor blo\u011funun al\u00fcminyum blok ve d\u00f6kme demir g\u00f6mlekler gibi farkl\u0131 bir malzemeden \u00fcretilmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. D\u00f6kme demirden yap\u0131lan g\u00f6mlekler, di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok malzemeden \u00e7ok daha iyi a\u015f\u0131nma direncine sahiptir. Blok, d\u00f6kme demirden daha hafif bir malzemeden yap\u0131labilir, bu nedenle a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131ktan tasarruf edilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kullan\u0131lan en yayg\u0131n astar tiplerinden ikisi \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

. silindirde bir astar olu\u015fturan ve blo\u011fa presle oturan kuru tip bir astar;<\/span>
\n. silindiri olu\u015fturan ve so\u011futucu ile do\u011frudan temas halinde olan bir \u0131slak g\u00f6mlek; \u00fcstte ve altta g\u00f6mlek ile silindir blo\u011fu aras\u0131ndaki contalar ile silindir kafas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan pozisyonda tutulurlar.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Piston<\/a> etek sesi<\/span>
\nPiston ete\u011fi vurmas\u0131<\/span>
\nPiston etek sesi Nas\u0131l kesilir<\/span>
\nMotor etek sesini Kesen ya\u011f<\/span>
\nPiston etek sesi nas\u0131l anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r<\/span>
\nMotor piston \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcleri<\/span>
\nPiston etek sesi neden olur<\/span>
\nHidrolik Piston PAR\u00c7ALARI<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Krank Mili<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Krank mili, pistonun d\u00fcz hat hareketini volandaki d\u00f6nme hareketine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmede son ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 temsil eder. \u00c7ok silindirli bir motor s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, krank mili ayn\u0131 zamanda pistonlar\u0131n TDC’den BDC’ye g\u00f6reli hareketini kontrol ederken ayn\u0131 zamanda g\u00fc\u00e7 impulslar\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Krank mili, yatak kapaklar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan konumunda tutulan karterdeki d\u00fcz yatak kovanlar\u0131nda d\u00f6ner. Ya\u011f pompas\u0131ndan gelen bas\u0131n\u00e7 alt\u0131ndaki ya\u011f, hareketli y\u00fczeyleri ya\u011flamak i\u00e7in yataklara zorlan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Motorlu ara\u00e7 krank mili i\u00e7in en yayg\u0131n olarak tek par\u00e7a bir yap\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Motorun t\u00fcm uzunlu\u011fu boyunca uzan\u0131r ve bu nedenle olduk\u00e7a sa\u011flam olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Eksantrik mili i\u00e7in tahrik, su pompas\u0131 ve alternat\u00f6r gibi motor yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in kasnak ve kay\u0131\u015f tahriki gibi normalde krank milinin \u00f6n ucundan al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Volan, \u015fekilde g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi krank milinin di\u011fer ucuna tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Amac\u0131, kendisine verilen enerjiyi g\u00fc\u00e7 strokunda depolamak, b\u00f6ylece d\u00f6nen bile\u015fenleri ind\u00fcksiyon, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve egzoz stroklar\u0131 \u00fczerinden ta\u015f\u0131yabilmesidir (bu stroklar herhangi bir kullan\u0131labilir g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00fcretmezler ancak bunlar olmadan motor \u00e7al\u0131\u015famaz).<\/span><\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca tahriki debriyaja ge\u00e7irmek i\u00e7in uygun bir noktad\u0131r. Mar\u015f halka di\u015flisi, motorun \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma s\u0131ras\u0131nda d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclebilmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in genellikle d\u0131\u015f \u00e7evreye tak\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Volan\u0131 krank miline yerle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in d\u00fcbel, kama, flan\u015f ve oluklu rondelal\u0131 konik gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6ntemler kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ek, pozitif ve g\u00fcvenli ve tercihen yaln\u0131zca bir konumda olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, hem krank milinin hem de volan\u0131n birlikte dengesini sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00fch\u00fcrler<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eaftlar ve yuvalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ya\u011f kayb\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in krank mili ve eksantrik milinin her iki ucuna ya\u011f ke\u00e7eleri yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Y\u00fczeylerin hareket etmedi\u011fi durumlarda, \u00f6rne\u011fin silindir kafas\u0131 ile silindir blo\u011fu aras\u0131nda su, ya\u011f ve gaz s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in contalar kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Karter<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Motorun alt k\u0131sm\u0131, normalde motor ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren bir hazne ile \u00e7evrilidir. Genellikle \u00e7elik sacdan yap\u0131l\u0131r, ya\u011f\u0131 so\u011futmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in genellikle araban\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki hava ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ya\u011flama<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Motorun ve motorlu ta\u015f\u0131t\u0131n di\u011fer par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda ya\u011f\u0131n nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmenin ne anlama geldi\u011fini anlamam\u0131z gerekir. S\u00fcrt\u00fcnme terimi, birbiriyle temas halinde olan herhangi iki y\u00fczey aras\u0131ndaki harekete kar\u015f\u0131 bir diren\u00e7 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 durumlarda bir ara\u00e7ta s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme yararl\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u00fcr\u00fcrken aya\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n kaymas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme t\u00fcr\u00fc, ayn\u0131 zamanda lastikler ile yol y\u00fczeyi, fren balatalar\u0131 ile fren diski, tahrik kay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve fan kasnaklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda gerekli olan s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme tutu\u015funu sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/p>\n

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